With the continuous development and improvement of classical methods, various chemical modifications based on mass spectrometry and enzyme-assisted techniques, the N-terminal sequence analysis of proteins and peptides has obtained abundant terminal peptide sequence information, which provides a strong basis and acceleration for the identification of proteins and peptides. The study of advanced structures and modification sites of protein drugs. N-terminal sequencing analysis techniques for thousands of proteins in complex biological systems remain a great challenge for us, especially for large-scale more detailed determination of N-terminal modification diversity, and more targeted research strategies are needed.
Edman degradation is a very mature and classic method for N-terminal sequencing of proteins and peptides, and is widely used in the field of biotechnology. The Edman degradation method has been widely used as the gold standard for N-terminal sequence testing of existing protein samples. It is a valuable research tool for N-terminal sequence analysis of the entire purified protein and the most reliable sequencing method.
Mass spectrometry-based N-terminal sequence sequencing techniques can simultaneously determine protein N-terminal sequences, especially electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-fight (MALDI-TOF), which have revolutionized the application of mass spectrometry in protein structural analysis. High-sensitivity, high-precision, high-resolution, high-throughput biomass spectrometry provides an important option for protein N-terminal sequencing.
Many research methods for N-terminal peptides use a combination of mass spectrometry technology and a variety of chemical methods and biological enzymatic methods. For example, the protein is blocked by reduction, alkylation and guanidylation of side chain amino groups. The free N-terminal is labeled with different biotin reagents. After the labeled protein is digested with trypsin, the labeled N-terminal peptide is separated by the avidin affinity system, and then passed through MALDI-TOF/MALDI-TOF-PSD MS de novo sequencing to obtain the sequence of N-terminal peptide.
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